{"id":54749,"date":"2026-01-21T12:26:20","date_gmt":"2026-01-21T09:26:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/?p=54749"},"modified":"2026-01-21T12:26:21","modified_gmt":"2026-01-21T09:26:21","slug":"%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87%d9%86%d8%af%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%8a%d9%8a-%d9%8a%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/?p=54749","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"54749\" class=\"elementor elementor-54749\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-51369ea elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default exad-glass-effect-no exad-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"51369ea\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-42125d3a exad-glass-effect-no exad-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"42125d3a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-216a6ef6 exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"216a6ef6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-54753 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-5-8-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-5-8-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-5-8-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-5-8-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-5-8-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-5-8.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0645<\/p><p>\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 (\u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645: \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629) \u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0645.\u0645. \u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u062e\u0632\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p><p>\u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0641.<\/p><p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0631\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/p><p>\u0648\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0639\u0645 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elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"672d03c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-54749 gallery-columns-4 gallery-size-thumbnail'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"672d03c6\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"1 (2)\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NTQ3NTAsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9lbmdpbmVlcmluZy51b2RpeWFsYS5lZHUuaXFcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjZcLzAxXC8xLTItMTAuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiNjcyZDAzYzYifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-2-10.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-2-10-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-2-10-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-2-10-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-2-10-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"672d03c6\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"1 (3)\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NTQ3NTEsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9lbmdpbmVlcmluZy51b2RpeWFsYS5lZHUuaXFcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjZcLzAxXC8xLTMtOS5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiI2NzJkMDNjNiJ9\" href='https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-3-9.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-3-9-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-3-9-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-3-9-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-3-9-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"672d03c6\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"1 (4)\" 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href='https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-6-6.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-6-6-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-6-6-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-6-6-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-6-6-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0645 \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 (\u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645: \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629) \u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54749","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-97","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54749","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=54749"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54749\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":54764,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54749\/revisions\/54764"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=54749"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=54749"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.uodiyala.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=54749"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}